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11.
利用MF雷达对耀斑期间电离层D区电子密度的观测研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用MF雷达观测资料对X级别耀斑爆发期间在66-80km高度之间的电子密度进行了研究,观测到了耀斑爆发期间电子密度的突然增加,在较低高度上的电子密度的时间变化趋势与耀斑的软X射线辐射通量相关.电子密度的变化强度依赖于具体的耀斑参数,有些耀斑引起的电子密度增加高达400cm^-3,有些仅为100cm^-3左右.但耀斑期间在这一高度区间增加的总电子含量增量仅占耀斑辐射引起的整个电离层总电子含量增量的千分之一左右.最后,利用恢复阶段电子密度的时间变化过程估算了1997年11月4日耀斑期间部分高度上的有效复合系数. 相似文献
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采用不同工艺参数对TA15钛合金进行电子束焊接,通过观察焊缝形貌、测量其形状参数研究了焊接接头形貌的变化规律,并分析了焊接接头组织。结果表明:增大电子束流时,熔深、半熔深熔宽、焊缝宽度都增大,焊缝横截面的形状从"钉形"转变为"钟罩形";增大焊接速度,对焊缝形状影响不大,熔深、半熔深熔宽及焊缝宽度均减小,深宽比先增大后减小;聚焦电流的增大对熔深作用较明显,半熔深熔宽及焊缝宽度变化不大;扫描幅值的增加使焊缝熔深减小,半熔深熔宽增大。靠近母材的热影响区组织与母材组织相近,主要由初生等轴状α相及转变β相组成,并出现针状(α+β);靠近熔合线的组织由α相和针状(α+β)相构成,并出现α'马氏体;熔合区组织由α'组成,熔合线周围柱状晶垂直于焊缝中心生长,并在焊缝中心形成单列或多列的等轴状晶。 相似文献
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Rajat Acharya Bijoy Roy M.R. Sivaraman Ashish Dasgupta 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2012
It is important to use models developed specifically for the equatorial ionospheric estimation for real-time applications, particularly in Satellite Navigation. This work demonstrates a methodology for improved predictions of VTEC in real time using the model developed for the equatorial ionosphere by the authors. This work has been done using TEC data of the low solar activity period of 2005 obtained using dual frequency GPS receivers installed under the GAGAN project of ISRO. For the purpose, the model is first used in conjunction with Kriging technique. Improvement in accuracy is observed when compared with the estimations from the model alone using the measurements as true reference. Further improvement is obtained by Bayesian combination of these estimates with independent Neural Network based predictions. Statistical performance of improvement is provided. An improvement of ∼1 m in confidence level of estimation of VTEC is obtained. 相似文献
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有磁场时电子在航天器光电子鞘层中的漂移运动 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
采用二级漂移近似理论,研究了在航天器光电子鞘层中与电流收集有关的电子在磁场中的运动轨道和收集电子有关的磁瓶结构,结果表明当磁场越强,航天器表面电势越弱,磁瓶在无穷远处横截面积就越小。在光电子鞘层中,势垒对电流收集影响较大,磁瓶的横截面积在略远于垫垒处有极大值,磁瓶在无穷远处的横截面积并非随着势垒距航天器距离的远近而单调变化。 相似文献
17.
Yen-Hsyang Chu Chin-Lung SuHsiao-Tsung Ko 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2010
With a network of ground-based ionosondes distributed around the world, the ionospheric peak electron density and its height measured by FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC satellites in terms of GPS radio occultation technique are extensively examined in this article. It is found that, in spite of the latitude, the mean values of the peak electron density measured by COSMIC satellites are systematically smaller than those observed by ground-based ionosondes. The discrepancy between them is dependent on the latitude, namely, it is small in low and mid-latitudes and large in high-latitude region. Moreover, statistical analysis shows that the slopes of the regression line that is best fitted to the scatter diagram of occultation-retrieved peak electron density (ordinate axis) versus ionosonde-observed peak density (abscissa axis) are universally less than one. This feature is believed to be the result of path average effect of non-uniform distribution of the electron density along the GSP ray during the occultation. A comparison between COSMIC-measured peak height and ionosonde-derived peak height hmF2 indicates that the former is systematically higher than the latter. The difference in the two can be as large as 20% or more in equatorial and low-latitude regions. This result implies that the peak height hmF2 derived from the virtual height through true height analysis based on Titheridge method seems to underestimate the true peak height. The correlation between COSMIC and ionosonde peak electron densities is analyzed and the result reveals that correlation coefficient seems to be dependent on the fluctuation of the occultation-retrieved electron density profile. The correlation will be higher (lower) for the electron density profiles with smaller (larger) fluctuations. This feature suggests that the inhomogeneous distribution of the electron density along the GPS ray path during the occultation plays an important role affecting the correlation between COSMIC and ionosonde measurements. 相似文献
18.
R. Sieradzki Iu. Cherniak A. Krankowski 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
Since the early 1990s, global positioning system measurements have been used to study of the state and rapid changes of the Total Electron Content in the ionosphere. Currently, the increasing number of permanent stations makes it possible to generate maps of the irregularities in the ionosphere for specified regions with sub-daily resolution. The main goal of this work was to apply global navigation satellite system observations to obtain information about ionospheric variability around the North Geomagnetic Pole. In order to detect the ionospheric disturbances, 30-s observation data was used. The Rate of Total Electron Content Index was applied as a measure of the variability in the ionosphere. The first analyses were executed using more than 100 permanent stations. The results show two kinds of products: 2-hour maps in spherical geomagnetic coordinates and daily maps presenting the occurrence of the strong Total Electron Content fluctuations as a magnetic local time function, for the most disturbed days of April 2010. Apart from the main product of the algorithm, the Rate of Total Electron Content time series for individual satellite tracks was presented. The results demonstrated very good sensitivity of the obtained maps, which can detect even quite weak disturbances. The presented algorithm developed at the Geodynamic Research Laboratory of the University of Warmia and Mazury, in cooperation with Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radiowave Propagation, will be applied in the near future to create near-real time service of the conditions in the ionosphere based on the Global Navigation Satellite Systems observations. 相似文献
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V. Truhlik D. Bilitza L. Triskova 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2009
A database of electron temperature (Te) measurements comprising of most of the available satellite measurements in the topside ionosphere is used for studying the solar activity variations of the electron temperature Te at different latitudes, altitudes, local times and seasons. The Te data are grouped into three levels of solar activity (low, medium, high) at four altitude ranges, for day and night, and for equinox and solstices. We find that in general Te changes with solar activity are small and comparable in magnitude with seasonal changes but much smaller than the changes with altitude, latitude, and from day to night. In all cases, except at low altitude during daytime, Te increases with increasing solar activity. But this increase is not linear as assumed in most empirical Te models but requires at least a parabolic approximation. At 550 km during daytime negative as well as positive correlation is found with solar activity. Our global data base allows to quantify the latitude range and seasonal conditions for which these correlations occur. A negative correlation with solar activity is found in the invdip latitude range from 20 to 55 degrees during equinox and from 20 degrees onward during winter. In the low latitude (20 to −20 degrees invdip) F-region there is almost no change with solar activity during solstice and a positive correlation during equinox. A positive correlation is also observed during summer from 30 degrees onward. 相似文献
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